Poster image of 《Black Universe》 © Artspace Hohwa

In painting, chance can sometimes be read as painterliness itself, arising in realms that the human artist either cannot control or does not wish to control. This stands in opposition to controllable realms, such as physically laborious working methods or simple variations of a created image. Between these two realms, something manifests itself.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty regarded this as art emerging through a process of sublimation, and this provides a clue for placing the paintings of Kim Jungwook and Miseon Yoon side by side in this exhibition. Drawing on Merleau-Ponty’s idea that sensations experienced through the artist’s bodily actions are intimately bound to the work, thereby embedding within it a symbolic system that extends beyond the material medium, this exhibition seeks to trace the artists’ Black Universe through the paintings of Kim Jungwook and Miseon Yoon.

First, I would like to examine the two artists’ practices by considering separately the words “black” and “universe” in the exhibition title. In the works of both artists, each densely containing a universe of its own, the “black” that can be perceived on the surface originates in materials painstakingly worked over long periods of time, almost as a form of disciplined practice.

Kim Jungwook’s black comes from ink made by solidifying soot from burned pine with animal glue derived from hide or cartilage, then grinding it again, mixing it with water, and applying it in repeated layers. Miseon Yoon’s black comes from repeatedly layering pencil on paper, the pencil itself made from graphite—a naturally occurring carbon material—mixed with clay and fired.

In Kim Jungwook’s work, the black background makes the other elements on the surface appear to float, while at the same time fixing everything in place through the gravity of an abyss. Following the shadows in her works from the very support of mulberry paper sized with animal glue, one eventually comes to a halt before the countless ink lines rendered with a fine brush. The hanji saturated with black ink pushes back against the passage of time, sinking inward and accumulating depth.

By contrast, Miseon Yoon’s dense, volumetric blacks advance toward the viewer through clearly defined divisions. By rendering the black of the nearest spherical forms at its darkest, she deliberately creates an illusion of three-dimensionality; meanwhile, graphite worn down against white paper retains its rough texture, bringing the image back into the realm of painting. Contrasted with the solid monochromatic backgrounds finished in acrylic, Miseon Yoon’s black pencil lines accumulate in countless layers, quietly fulfilling their role.


Installation view of 《Black Universe》 © Artspace Hohwa

Next, a path toward the intangible realm that might be called the “universe” can be found in the two artists’ questions concerning existence. The starting point of human perception, as well as the place to which one returns after encountering the external world, is ultimately the human being itself, and both artists likewise show a tendency to return to the point where their primordial questions first began.

Kim Jungwook moves beyond the vulnerable self and the collective “we,” passing through a practice of self-questioning to discover a sense of awe in the very force of life itself. Through this delicate yet lucid realization, the artist is finally able to establish a balance with the external world, and for this reason her works, which metaphorically embody this process itself, remain untitled.

She gathers together the sounds of the ground beneath her feet and the scents carried by the wind returning to her ears, rendering them upon carefully formed surfaces. What appears there may be a girl, a face, a Buddha, a stone, or a bird, ultimately remaining as light and darkness. In Miseon Yoon’s universe, meanwhile, figures constructed through the repeated stacking of solid structures appear as if to encourage the artist through periods of anxiety.

Like puzzles in which their faces have been fragmented into geometric elements, these figures sit upright like medieval portraits and gaze outward at us beyond the picture plane. In the small black hemispheres that might be their pupils, we read the questions the artist has swallowed and then expelled again through the tip of her pencil. As though on the verge of pouring out countless questions and even more answers, the figure remains there in a form that seems capable at any moment of losing its shape and collapsing.

Reading Kim Jungwook and Miseon Yoon together through 《Black Universe》, I followed the ink absorbed into hanji and the pencil lines drawn across paper. Looking closely at the strange forms shaped within the darkness illuminated by the ceaseless accumulation of the two artists’ periods of contemplation, I was able to imagine their respective universes. Through this exhibition, I hope that tracing and overlapping the paths the two artists have taken will offer an opportunity to approach more fundamental questions.

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