Queer Politics

The artists featured in the tenth round of Golden Doubles are three radical Korean feminists: siren eun young jung (1974), Black Jaguar (1980, Jang Malgeun), and Nahee Kim (1991). This installment examines the issue of queer identity, one of the most pressing concerns in contemporary feminism, through their artistic practices.

The term "queer" is used as an umbrella term for sexual minorities, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people, or as an alternative designation for these groups. Originally a derogatory term in the early twentieth century, "queer" was reconceptualized in the 1990s as "queer politics," a new paradigm within the gay rights movement. It has since become associated with a subversive culture of resistance, while inspiring new themes and creative approaches across literature, festivals, film, visual art, and other cultural fields.

Siren eun young jung is an openly feminist artist who emerged from the cultural and activist foundations of "Young Feminism," a movement that developed within progressive activist circles during the 1990s and 2000s, and who continues to engage in both discursive and practical struggles today.

From the perspective of gender politics, she advocates strategic separation from patriarchal structures and has taken a leading role in queer cultural and artistic movements that support sexual and other minority communities. Black Jaguar and Nahee Kim, meanwhile, belong to the so-called "Netfemi" (internet feminist) generation, whose activism gained momentum through the hashtag #MeToo movement on social media from the mid-2010s onward.

Sharing the sensibilities of the younger generation of feminists whose awareness was heightened by the Gangnam Station murder case, they each pursue distinctive forms of queer art through performance and digital media, respectively.


Black Jaguar's Bath at Noon


Black Jaguar, A Giant, 2013, Photographic documentation of the performance Bath at Noon (2011), pigment print, 100 x 150 cm, Photography by Lee Seol Je © Black Jaguar

Black Jaguar performed the nude performance Bath at Noon at noon on July 7, 2011, in the fountain plaza in front of the former Provincial Office in Gwangju. Through the act of bathing at this symbolic site of the May 18 Democratization Movement, the artist enacted a ritual of commemoration.

Appearing naked before the audience with a black target pattern painted on the body, Black Jaguar silently washed away the black paint with soap and water in a minimalist happening. Lasting around ten minutes, this wordless action nevertheless quickly spread across the internet and smartphones, becoming a major topic in online mass media.

This was partly the result of the artist's prior request that audience members document the event and share it on social media, but the core of the issue lay in how the “sensationalism” of nude performance expanded a personal artistic act into a political and cultural public forum. The ensuing comment wars about freedom of expression, censorship, obscenity, misogyny, historical distortion, and art became a kind of “post-performance,” eventually leading the artist to publish Comment Book, a volume composed of 255 comments, in a 2013 solo exhibition.

The artist had previously presented numerous nude performances. As seen in the three-part 'Pain Series' beginning with Shower in 2007, these earlier performances were far more aggressive, exaggerated, grotesque, and chaotic than Bath at Noon.

Paint, balloons, plastic bags, flour, raw fish, raw eggs, and mayonnaise were used to soil the body and the stage, while an incomplete clock with only its second hand remaining, broken instruments, and foul-smelling food waste appeared as props. Amid such disorder, the artist conveyed a message of healing through gestures of cleansing, washing the body and the filth away with “invisible” water. Pain and healing seem to be the key elements running through the artist's performances.


Black Jaguar, VEGA, 2016, Photographic documentation of the performance © Black Jaguar

The 2016 exhibition 《VEGA》 was likewise a site of mourning for the wounds left by the Sewol ferry disaster. The exhibition took its title from Vega, the star that the mother of Yeongman, one of the Sewol victims, reportedly gazed at every night while longing for her lost son. As if inscribing the memory of a social catastrophe and collective trauma, the artist presented symbolic objects such as hemp cloth and pebbles, along with belongings left behind by the children and interview videos containing the voices of the mothers.

Meanwhile, seated across the street from the gallery and separated from the audience by its windows, the artist wrapped themself in a blanket brought from Paengmok Port and sat in silent memorial contemplation for fifty minutes while gazing at the viewers inside. Through this wordless performance, in which the artist approached the bereaved by enacting their pain, Black Jaguar asks what role art can play and what it is that we must remember.

Afterward, the artist shifted attention away from historical events and grand political and social narratives toward innocent women, sexual minorities, and refugees around us, seeking changes in theme, medium, and style. An example is the 2017 series 'Sunyoung, Miyoung, Mi young', caricature-like portraits painted on Korean paper. Here, the artist depicts hybrid monsters—half human, half beast—in which women's faces are fused with the bodies of dragons, snakes, or primordial animals from ancient mythology.

Women with common names like Sunyoung or Miyoung are shown as having been born as monsters simply because they are women. The faint smiles on their faces are strange, but not frightening. The artist turns into caricature, almost mockingly, the deeply rooted misogyny that equates women with monsters. Though rendered with a light touch, these monstrous women—or feminine monsters—are by no means light in thematic terms.

The heterogeneous, hybrid images in which animals and women inhabit a single body evoke rebellious bodies that disrupt the noble and complete classical body through a principle of cannibalistic intimacy, devouring and being devoured by one another. The image is that of a vile monster—maternal, archaic, savage, and homoerotic all at once—like the primal scene of childbirth, in which one is separated from the mother body.

Now also collaborating with organizations that support refugees, the artist fulfills their artistic role through collective performances that heal and welcome minorities. In performances staged in Berlin and Seoul in 2019 and 2020, the artist invited queer people, refugees, and migrants living marginal and transgressive lives onto the stage, though concealed behind a curtain at the back.

There, Black Jaguar staged Ghost Dance. Composed of nonverbal gestures and a feast of sounds, the performance became an exorcistic dance for the minorities of our time, appropriated as ghostly non-beings, as female spirits denied any rightful share.

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