At the top of an iron tower was a bungee-jumping platform. Gripped by fear, people were climbing the tower one by one, each waiting for their turn. Among them was a striking woman with dark circles under her eyes and a body as thin as paper; she was the externalization of the fear within me.

It seemed that unless I jumped first, no one else would be able to, so instead of leaping, I kissed fear—as if taking the plunge itself. When I kissed her, fear became my bride.

This is an adaptation of Beom Jinyong’s dream journal. Although I call it an adaptation, it is in fact almost exactly as originally recorded. A dream journal, after all, can never transcribe a dream exactly as it was. Adaptation already occurs in the process by which a dream passes into a dream journal.

The dream journal may be understood as a representation of the dream, and another act of adaptation takes place when that representation is once again translated into painting. In this way, the representation of a dream entails multiple layers of adaptation. To represent a dream, then, may perhaps constitute a field for formal experimentation in différance and dissemination.

What happened? What took place? The ultimate, final, definitive meaning that might reveal precisely what that event was can never ultimately be grasped. There is only an endless chain of similar meanings marked by subtle differences. And the final meaning continues to slip away, endlessly deferred.

Thus, once again, to represent a dream may be to sow different meanings, to generate countless other meanings that resemble one another yet remain distinct, and in doing so to create a chain of narratives that continues without beginning or end.


Beom Jinyong, Dream Diary Recording, 2014, Charcoal on canvas, 140 x 830 cm © Beom Jinyong

This is precisely why the artist’s practice of representing dreams in a dream journal and then adapting them into paintings is meaningful. The original dream itself opens up a narrative different from reality, or one that has not yet been realized within it, while the representation and adaptation of that dream open yet another narrative, a narrative marked by difference.

In other words, to represent and adapt a dream may be to open a repository of narratives; it may be to unleash repressed and latent narratives; it may be to summon other and differing narratives through freely shifting hyperlinks, thereby expanding existing ones; and in this way, it may ultimately be to open a hypertext that continually opens and closes in every direction.

Repressed narratives and latent narratives? Dreams have been described as the indirect fulfillment of repressed desire. They have also been described as the punishment of desire. A dream is a fabric of narrative woven from desire (or temptation) and punishment, the ego and the superego, the alter ego and the father (the one I must kill), as warp and weft.

Hyperlink? Hypertext? Hyperreal? Dreaming is an act that opens a hyperreal world. I move toward desire, while reality—or rather, the institution, which itself is another name for the father—represses it. Desire is thus linked to reality, comes from reality, and is derived from reality. As that desire is repressed and submerged, reality becomes distorted. Why, then, does reality repress desire?

Or put differently, why does reality generate desire in the first place? Reality must keep at its margins a necessary measure of desire, anxiety, and repression. It does so in order to offer up a scapegoat to anticipated violence whenever problems arise within reality—and thereby to maintain the stability of the system.

Desire thus crosses the boundary between ontology and sociology, encompassing both the stability and the instability of the system. In other words, institutions repress desire in order to preserve systemic stability, while repressed desire in turn becomes a spark for revolution. Perhaps, then, the dream is a panorama of desire that may itself constitute true reality, a world more real than the real world, and therefore a hyperreal world.

The narratives represented by dreams are at once familiar and strange: familiar because dreams imitate or reflect reality, and strange because reality is rearranged and reconstructed within them. In this way, dreams move beyond the real world and open onto the hyperreal.

Let us return once more to the dream story with which we began. As the artist himself explains, the people who appear in his dreams are in fact incarnations and embodiments of his unconscious. In other words, the people climbing the iron tower are the materialized forms of dark, fearful, difficult, and uncomfortable moments.

The striking woman with dark circles under her eyes and a body as thin as paper—the protagonist of this narrative, so to speak—is the externalization of both fear and temptation.

Fear and temptation? Desire and punishment? That woman (the mother) was originally my lover (the Imaginary). When the father intervened, I relinquished my lover to him (the Symbolic). Even so, she remains my lover within my mind (the Real). This is precisely why the woman evokes fear and temptation, desire and punishment, simultaneously.


Beom Jinyong, Workroom, 2014, Ink on canvas, 117 x 91 cm © Beom Jinyong

Thus, I want to be compensated for repressed desire. I want to restore the repressed pleasure principle. In that process, patricide is unavoidable. Patricide? It means overthrowing the system. This is what Michel Foucault’s heterotopia does, what Georges Bataille’s excess does, what Mikhail Bakhtin’s carnivalism does, what Gilles Deleuze’s desire does, and what Jacques Lacan’s Real does.

Once the father has been killed and the pleasure principle has realized itself, after the violent storm of revolution has swept through, nothing remains but a desolate desert with a bleak wind blowing across it (Slavoj Žižek’s Welcome to the Desert of the Real). So do not try too hard to discover what happened, or to dig up what took place.

Even if you find out, all that awaits is the desert, and amid the suffocating game of hide-and-seek with the system or institution, curiosity itself may bring ruin. In any case, the woman was simultaneously an object of fear and an object of temptation to me. Like the two faces of Janus, two personalities had merged into one. Just as, for Freud, fear and temptation, the familiar and the strange, the canny and the uncanny were in fact one and the same.

At a time when most people were illiterate, paintings were effectively picture books and storybooks. Natural phenomena such as the four seasons, and psychological phenomena such as anxiety or jealousy, were all depicted in human form. In this way, allegories of life and death, love and death, heavenly love and earthly love could be represented. Without knowing the hidden meanings, one could neither see nor read them.

Reading between the lines and beneath the surface was essential, and in that sense such images already contained, to some degree, the potential for hypertext. In an age when most people have moved beyond illiteracy, dreams may serve as another form of allegory.

This is why the artist’s practice of representing dreams in a journal and adapting them into paintings is meaningful. It is meaningful because it opens the floodgates to repressed and latent narratives—virtually limitless other narratives. It is meaningful because it proposes a contemporary form of allegory.

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