Installation view of 《Society of Person》 © Wumin Art Center

Today, standardized collective systems of value—including attitudes toward life, ideas, values, institutions, and legal norms¹—compel individuals to submit to the norms and authority of the group. Those whose lives fail to correspond to these standards are judged as inadequate or wrong. Such social perceptions, which suppress individual identity and demand a single correct answer, are rooted in the blind pursuit of collective values and collectivist modes of thought.

By generalizing individuals as members of a group rather than recognizing them as singular subjects, these systems also produce the othering of those who do not belong. Through works by participating artists who explore individual gestures and failures, personal histories, and inner realities under a mainstream reality that prioritizes collective values over individuals, the exhibition reconsiders what it means to exist as an individual without relying on collective identity.

The outbreak of viruses and natural disasters has transformed the appearance of everyday life. Nevertheless, we already exist as individuals and endure this age of chaos at the level of the individual.² Minkyu Hwang, who has primarily produced mockumentaries combining incidents he has personally experienced—or present circumstances—with fictional scenarios, captures in Into the wild(2020) the perspective of an individual living through a fin-de-siècle atmosphere that overlaps with the uncertainty of the present.

Edited from images in which fiction and reality intersect, the video repeatedly narrows and widens the distance between signifier and signified—between image and narration—before concluding without reaching a clear meaning. The inserted narration appears to point toward concrete realities or events, yet ultimately contemplates an individual inner reality that operates differently from external reality.

Seunghyun Baek presents the fictions and hypocrisies individuals must confront within large-scale society through installation, photography, and sculpture, setting them against symbols of crowds and constraint. At first glance, the individual may seem to be a genuinely free subject who has cast off the repression and prohibition of disciplinary society.

Yet in contemporary “achievement society,” the individual can be understood as both self-exploiting laborer and supervisor, victim and perpetrator.³ The artist reveals individuals who exploit themselves in pursuit of implicitly imposed social achievement or the goal of success, along with the failures that have already been anticipated.

Donghyung Kim’s Great or Fucking began with an indifferent remark by a viewer that reduced someone else’s life. The artist conceals patterned codes within apparently tedious and useless everyday actions, connecting the characteristics of Morse code—which demands deciphering yet remains meaningless unless one deliberately searches for it—to society’s gaze upon artistic practice.

The repetitive actions endlessly looping within the video can be interpreted as metaphors for the artist’s own ritualistic and compulsive behavior, undertaken to cast off the pressure and anxiety of reality that must be confronted in order to continue living with an identity as an artist.


Minkyu Hwang, Into the wild, 2020, HD video, 12min. © Minkyu Hwang

Aram Jeong’s Audience is a video work centered on a lecture by Choi Yoon-hee, who once swept across broadcasting culture as a leading figure of a “happiness craze” before ending her life by suicide. The work captures an audience applauding while listening to dissonant sounds produced through the similarity between a stenographer’s typing method and the act of playing the piano.

Jeong reveals the active mismatch between the lecturer’s individual, subjective experience of “happiness,” and the harsh attempt to expand it into a universal experience through public lectures, as this is answered by applause occurring according to each audience member’s own subjective speed and manner.

Eunjung Shim’s A Message of Mourning for Our Lives and Memories of the Past focuses on personal histories. The video shows individuals who appear only through their hands repeatedly writing their stories in diaries, erasing them, and collecting the eraser dust in bottles. Through this process, the artist presents the subject—or the practice of individual authorship—writing the narrative of identity within a singular life through diaries containing private records.

The exhibition begins from a critical awareness of negative collectivism: the merciless gaze and judgment of others triggered by an insubstantial “we” (or “we-ness”) or collective identity in place of the existence of the “I,” and attitudes shaped by external rather than autonomous determination.⁴ The period in which collective values represent the individual, or in which self-identity depends upon the community to which one belongs, is drawing to a close.

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, scholars from various fields, authors of works newly defining human life as that of “Corona Sapiens,” predict a revolutionary transformation of existing values toward greater consideration of safety, individualism, personal happiness, nature-centered thinking, individuality, and human dignity.

At a moment of great transformation emphasizing a shift away from winning competition within the group, as in the past, and toward protecting individual dignity, it is time to consider a society of “individuals” who possess individuality, uniqueness, and singularity—not an “individual” represented through collective identity.


1. Won-young Kim, 『A Defense of the Disqualified』, Sakyejul, 2018, p. 44.
2. Sunghyun Park, 『The Miracle of a Name Called the Individual』, Symbolicus, 2011, p. 17.
3. Byung-Chul Han, 『The Burnout Society』, Munhak과지성사, 2012, pp. 43–44.
4. Jungeun Yang, “A Study on the Influence of Korean Collectivism (We-ness) on Interpersonal Communication,” Journal of the Korea Contents Association, p. 11.

References