Installation view © HITE Collection

From May 28 to July 17, 2022, HITE Collection presented the group exhibition 《Kak》, an exploration of contemporary sculpture through the works of twelve artists: Kwon Oh-sang, Kwon Hyun-bin, Kim Dong-hee, Kim In-bae, Do Ho Suh, Lee Bul, Lee Soo-kyung, Lim Jeong-soo, Jung Ji-hyun, Cho Jae-young, Cha Seul-ah, and Hong Ja-young. The exhibition examined how these artists individually interpret and respond to the fundamental question: “What is sculpture in contemporary art?”

Sculpture, one of the oldest artistic mediums, has historically served a variety of roles, from commemoration and decoration to utility, luxury, and idol worship. However, since the 1960s, with the rise of postmodernism, sculpture has undergone a radical transformation. No longer confined to pure form, it has expanded to include concepts of place, architecture, light, movement, and situational experience, breaking away from its internal logic and deconstructing its traditional meaning and scope.

Despite this apparent liberation from conventional form, contemporary sculpture is witnessing a resurgence of interest in historical precedents—artists today are reinterpreting and referencing past sculptural traditions while integrating new materials, technologies, and methodologies to create what can be seen as a new form of sculpture.

《Kak》 seeks to trace this evolution, reflecting on what sculpture looks like today and how it continues to change. Rather than organizing the exhibition around a specific movement or historical framework, it presents a spectrum of approaches, highlighting each artist’s individual engagement with sculpture as a medium.

The exhibition title, "Kak", encompasses multiple meanings: the Korean word for carving (刻), the edge or corner where two surfaces meet, an individual entity among many, and even the horn of an animal. These layered meanings metaphorically align with the shifting definitions of sculpture today. Through this conceptual framework, 《Kak》 presents sculpture as an open-ended field, embracing diverse interpretations and possibilities.
 
The twelve participating artists utilize a broad range of materials, from natural substances like stone, sand, and wood to industrial materials such as acrylic, Iso Pink, Styrofoam, urethane, stainless steel, and concrete. Their techniques vary from handcrafting to 3D printing, and their works span scales from pocket-sized objects to architectural dimensions.

The exhibition space is populated with clusters of non-human figures and hybrid bodies (Cho Jae-young, Lim Jeong-soo), works that mimic textures and atmospheres (Lee Soo-kyung, Cha Seul-ah, Lim Jeong-soo), and pieces that visualize invisible systems and abstract representations of movement (Jung Ji-hyun, Kim In-bae, Hong Ja-young).

Some artists focus on capturing the dynamism of seeing and perceiving movement, while others emphasize the act of becoming (being). Certain works move away from figurative representation and instead explore sculptural situations and abstract states (Kwon Hyun-bin) or present objects as sculptural propositions rather than conceptual exercises (Kim Dong-hee).

For example, Kim In-bae’s practice starts with a personal curiosity about form, while Kwon Oh-sang delves into the potential of materials, and Lee Bul integrates personal memory, historical references, and cultural narratives into her works. These diverse approaches result in a sculptural landscape untethered from a linear, historical trajectory.

《Kak》 thus opens with a sacrificial altar (Cha Seul-ah) and concludes with a tombstone (Lim Jeong-soo)—a reflection on both the gravity and playfulness of sculpture today. The exhibition acknowledges that sculpture is no longer perceived as eternal; if it began as an object of worship, it was meant to be destroyed, if it carried tradition, it was meant to be subverted, and if it embodied authority, it was meant to be questioned and renewed.
 
A key feature of 《Kak》 is its engagement with the HITE Collection’s exhibition space, particularly its relationship with Do Ho Suh’s permanent installation 〈Cause and Effect〉 (2009), which has occupied the center of the space since the institution’s founding in 2010. By incorporating this piece into the curatorial framework, the exhibition offers a fresh perspective on a work that has inevitably shaped the audience’s perception of the space over time.

Rather than focusing solely on sculpture as a physical presence, the exhibition considers the passage of time and the potential for rebirth within sculptural practice. By juxtaposing the works of twelve artists with Do Ho Suh’s installation, the exhibition investigates the balance and tension between surfaces and forms, exploring how they merge, differentiate, and construct diverse visual landscapes.

Ultimately, 《Kak》 does not attempt to unify contemporary sculpture into a singular narrative. Instead, it presents a panoramic view of individual sculptural practices, assembling them into a sculptural "forest" on the museum’s second-floor exhibition space. In this landscape of forms, viewers are encouraged to discover new possibilities for sculpture.

The collection of sculptural works arranged throughout the space functions as both a contemporary topography and a reflective section of the exhibition itself. Within 《Kak》, sculpture manifests as a contrapuntal field—a landscape of both harmony and dissonance, shaping an open-ended dialogue about what sculpture can be today.

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