Poster image of 《Meta-scape》 © Wooyang Art Museum

The history of works featuring landscapes is long. In East Asia, "landscape painting" emerged during the Eastern Jin Dynasty in China, often referred to as the period of artistic awakening; in Europe, starting with the Renaissance, when humanist thought rose to prominence in the realm of art, an independent genre of "landscape painting" has been created and appreciated. The fact that landscape works have continuously "evolved" across generations may serve as proof that this is possible because dominant genes conducive to evolution exist within the works themselves.
 
Above all, the subject of 'landscape' possesses universality because it exists within the waves surrounding humans. The term 'landscape' can literally refer to the surrounding environment, including nature, or it can refer to a subjective landscape (-scape) interpreted by individuals and society. Although the exploration of the world through landscapes has slowed down since the invention of photography, it remains valid in this era, and above all, since the meaning of the latter subjective landscape can only be defined after self-consciousness is established, landscape can be considered the origin of relational aesthetics. In other words, as an object of interpretation, landscape is valuable as a source of ceaseless thought.
 
With the advent of perspective, which had proven its true value in landscape painting, and photography, which made it possible to easily reproduce complex urban landscapes, vision was no longer limited to a primal role and expanded into the realm of cognition accompanied by perception. This expanded understanding that the act of seeing is a unique mode of world experience in which the visual image on the retina is recreated within the brain[2] elevated the artistic value of visual arts.

In this process, the individual’s ‘imagination’ was emphasized as a catalyst connecting vision and perception (thought), and this became the key to dismantling the framework of mundane everyday landscapes and opening the freedom of cognition. The concept of punctum, presented in Roland Barthes’ book *Camera Lucida*, emphasized the value of the individual imagination and emotions that arise in trivial and individual ways when viewing photographs. It cannot be denied that the sense of space created by the empty spaces generated within the landscape, regardless of the artist’s intention, played a dramatic role in the development of the individual’s imagination.
 
The exhibition 《Meta-scape》 signifies a "meta-reading of landscapes." In other words, it is an exhibition that seeks to detect a meta-attitude aimed at finding the "identity of thought" within works of subjective landscapes of this evolving era. Here, the prefix "meta," derived from Greek, means "beyond" or "after," referring to a higher level of perception.

For example, Mount Sainte-Victoire, painted over a dozen times by the pioneer of modern painting Paul Cézanne, can be considered a work reflecting this "meta-attitude." Through the mountain he gazed at daily, Cézanne contemplated how to grasp the fundamental principles of form that can be extracted from natural shapes; this work is the result of the artist exploring his own perspective on the subject and "materializing" the very "viewpoint" he adopted to observe it.
 
This meta-attitude feels like a self-referential distancing that questions the artists' own sensibilities and actions, recognizing the illusory limitations of the 'image' in a created work. The value of this meta-attitude is all the more significant as it casts doubt on the mechanisms of the creative processes and developments of the existing generation. Works exhibiting this tendency convey an attitude that is somewhat indeterminate, ambiguous, playful, experiential, and everyday.

A subtle undercurrent is being captured that makes it difficult to simply converge these aspects onto the characteristic of contemporary art known as 'diversity.' Through the process of perceiving the multi-layered contexts produced by the 'expanding landscape' constructed by modern civilization, and the modes of thought behind them that made them possible, I hoped to experience the 'play' offered by meta-interpretation and, furthermore, find a small clue as to how the true artistic value of a work is evolving.
 
To this end, moving beyond works that approach 'landscape' from a simplistic subjectivist perspective, the exhibition is composed of pieces that actively encourage the viewer's imagination and perception. You can encounter the works of 17 notable emerging and established artists from Korea and abroad who present an 'expanded landscape' through multimedia—including painting, photography, video, and installation—with 'thought based on landscape' as their only common denominator.


Installation view of 《Meta-scape》 © Wooyang Art Museum

Exhibition Room 2 on the first floor features works by artists Park Hyung-keun, Lee Jung, Lee Ho-in, Jang Mi, and Ahn Doo-jin, while Exhibition Room 3 on the second floor features works by artists Kang Hyun-sun, Lim Sun-yi, Lee Myung-ho, Ha Tae-bum, Kim Soon-im, Kang So-young Lilil, Han Ki-chang, Kim Jun-ki, Lee Eun-sil, Yoo Seung-ho, Cho Jong-sung, and Heo Soo-young.
 
Artist Yoo Seungho, who works with the same medium, presents a completely new concept of landscape painting. First, his work begins by positing his own humorous and playful attitude as the minimum unit of expression to reveal the reality that the majestic doctrinal ideals contained in original Chinese landscape paintings are no longer valid in the lives of modern people. Furthermore, as if mocking the modernist etiquette that requires viewing from a certain distance, his works, in which small character units come together to form an overall form, demand an active appreciation that moves between distant and near views.
 
Korean society is described as a society permeated with the 'contemporaneity of the uncontemporary' (a situation in which social elements existing in different time periods are mixed together in the same era), where pre-modern, modern, and post-modern characteristics coexist. In such a society, we live experiencing a sense of vertigo between the past and the present, and between reality and virtuality. Through this exhibition, I hope this serves as an opportunity to move one step closer to the 'normalization of artistic attitudes,' which allow us to maintain a meta-perspective even within the landscape of reality.

References